A Place of Pilgrimage
Neighborhood: Downtown
Nearest Train: 1, 2 Via Garibaldi
Phone: +39 0521 23 5886
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Parma's cathedral is dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. It is one of the most typical local Romanesque buildings of its time. Time and men have carried out various changes on the structure and decoration of the cathedral since it was first built, leaving various "traces of art". It was located outside the original city walls, and was built for the Antipope Cadalo in around 1059, and then consecrated under Pope Pasquale II in 1106. A violent earthquake in 1117 shook all of Padania and a large part of the building was seriously damaged and subsequently underwent reconstruction work and changes. Today the façade has a pointed roof with two slopes, and is decorated with three orders of loggia. There are three portals, and the main one was built by Giambono da Bissone in 1281, reusing earlier reliefs representing the months in the arch. These reilefs can be attributed to an earlier master who also carved the capitals in the central aisle. The Duomo is divided into three aisles and a transept with side chapels ending in apses, and divided by pillars with galleries reserved for women. The transept, which also has an apse, is crowned by a dome which was decorated by Correggio in the 16th Century. The internal decoration includes some sculptural pieces of notable interest in the capitals (in the nave), in the ladies' galleries, in the tomb slabs (which were discovered recently and are located in the fifth chapel on the right at the moment), and in the lions (located behind the façade). Parma's Duomo was created and built as a political-religious expression, and is typical of the religious buildings located along the Via Romea (which was represented by Via Emilia in this part of Padania). It was an obligatory stop for pilgrims and crusaders.
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